The ability of plants to obtain water and nutrients from the soil is related to their capacity to develop extensive root systems. In the mid-Atlantic region, erratic precipitation and high evapotranspiration during the soybean growing season usually result in plant water stress and an associated yield reduction. In the subsoil horizons, however, there is often enough water to meet crop requirements and avoid drought stress between rainfall events, provided roots can actually access the stored subsoil water. Soil compaction, especially in subsoil layers, may restrict deep root growth and adversely affect plant access to subsoil water. Soil compaction usually increases with increasing clay...